(주)에이피엠엔지니어링

단독주택에서의 실내외 나노미세먼지 (UltraFine Particles) 동시측정을 통한 실내 UFP 분포특성과 호흡기관 침적율
Indoor and Outdoor Ultrafine Particle Number Concentrations and Deposition Fractions in the Respiratory Tract in a Single-family
House near the Major Roadway  

Abstract

The particle number concentrations (PNC) and mean sizes of ultrafine particles (UFP) were measured indoors and outdoor simultaneously in a single-family house located near major roadways with heavy traffic. The mean PNC were 1.6(±10.0)×104, 2.1(±4.1)×104, and 0.9(±0.8)×104 particles·cm-3 in ambient air, a living room adjacent to the kitchen on the 1st floor (LR1), and a bedroom on the 2nd floor (BR2), respectively. The median indoor to outdoor concentration ratios (I/O ratio) were 0.87 (LR1) and 0.68 (BR2) for the entire period, 0.69 (LR1) and 0.53 (BR2) under the conditions with all windows closed and no cooking activities, and 0.69 (LR1) and 0.81 (BR2) with windows opened on both the 1st and 2nd floor. The indoor PNC levels were generally influenced by ambient PNC. However, indoor emissions (i.e., cooking activities) and infiltration of outdoor PNC spikes led to high PNC spikes indoors (up to 42.3×104 particles·cm-3 instantly) with time-lags depending on the locations. The residence times of these indoor spikes varied significantly due to different ventilation conditions. The median mean-size of UFP was 8.8% and 21.0% larger in LR1 and BR2, respectively, compared to that in ambient air. The mean total deposition fractions in the human respiratory tract calculated with ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection) model were 50.4% (ambient), 47.7% (LR1), and 44.4% (BR2). Of the aerosols deposited in the respiratory tract, 73.0% (ambient), 73.8% (LR1), and 74.5% (BR2) were deposited in the alveolar region, the deepest region of the respiratory tract. These findings suggest that extended efforts to monitor indoor and outdoor PNC and size distributions in the regions with a dense roadway network are needed.

Key words

Ultrafine particles, Indoor to outdoor ratio, Indoor particle number concentrations, Deposition fraction, Exposure to indoor UFP  

▶출처 : 한국대기환경학회지 제 37 권 제 2 호, 2021.04